Showing posts with label Environmental botany. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Environmental botany. Show all posts

Tuesday, October 13, 2020

Different Aspects of Botany-The Plant Science

                   

                    Botany is also called Plant Science, Phytology, is the study of vegetation and a part of science.  A botanist, plant researcher or Phytologist is a researcher who spends significant time in this field.  The expression "herbal science" originates from the Old Greek word βοτάνη (botanē) signifying "field", "grass", or "grain"; βοτάνη is thusly gotten from βόσκειν (boskein), "to take care of" or "to graze".  


                     Customarily, organic science has likewise incorporated the investigation of growths and green growth by mycologists and phycologists separately, with the investigation of these three gatherings of living beings staying inside the circle of enthusiasm of the International Botanical Congress.  These days, botanists (in the exacting sense) concentrate roughly 410,000 types of land plants of which around 391,000 species are vascular plants (counting around 369,000 types of blooming plants), and roughly 20,000 are Bryophytes.


                    

                 

   The ancient Greek scholar Theophrastus, who lived during the 4th Century B.C., was one of the most famous early botanists. He wrote two major sets of books on plants, and his writings made him known as the “Father of Botany”. One set of books was called Enquiry into Plants (Historia Plantarum), and it classified plants into different categories like geographic ranges, sizes, ways of growing, and uses.  It covered all aspects of plants, such as anatomy, reproduction and best methods of growing, and included separate books for trees, herbs, shrubs, and plants that produced food and useful resins or juices.  The other set of books was called On the Causes of Plants.

 

                     It was an in-depth guide on the best ways to grow plants, and also went into detail about the physical properties of plants, including their tastes and smells.  On the Causes of Plants was more about the economics of growing plants rather than their medicinal uses.  Theophrastus was apparently the first to discover the process of germination in plants, and he realized how important factors such as climate and soil type were to the proper growing of plants.

 

                              The application of plant science for purposes of civil or criminal law. Forensic botany has opened aspects of the field of botany to novel avenues within criminal investigations. Today, several sub-disciplines of plant science are being applied successfully in criminal investigations—for example, plant systematics including identification of plant species, plant anatomy, and plant ecology.  Often, forensic applications come from combinations of these areas in a given case.

                 Our earliest human ancestors found plants to heal wounds, cure diseases, and ease troubled minds.  People on all continents have long used hundreds, if not thousands, of indigenous plants, for treatment of various ailments dating back to prehistory. Knowledge about the healing properties or poisonous effects of plants, mineral salts, and herbs accumulated from these earliest times to provide health and predates all other medical treatment.

 

                          The study of applied plant sciences encompasses breeding, agricultural uses, natural resource management, food science, plant pathologist and biotechnology.  All humans rely on plants, which provide us with food, housing materials, fiber for clothing and more, and the study of applied plant sciences is an ever-evolving field that involves our efforts to enhance and protect our plant resources.

 

                 Plant pathology is the scientific study of various diseases in plants.  This topic can be of great interest to those who opt for botany as their basic field of specialization.  A research project on this topic could look one or more plant diseases and the causes behind the diseases, or it could focus more generally on the system of natural disease resistance in plants.  It could also investigate ways to prevent, manage and cure plant diseases.




Environmental botany includes the study of plants distribution, their adaptive strategies, the use of resources, the interrelationships with the environment. In particular, it concerns wild plants as well as plants used in agriculture, forestry or with other ethnological interest.


 


                 

Mycology, the term made from the two words, mykes-mushroom & logous- study.  The study of fungal taxonomy, fungal characteristics, industrial applications, etc. Mycologists can identify fungal diseases of plants and having the knowledge of their biological control as well as chemical control.  Therefore, there is a necessary of knowledgeable mycologists for the remedy of different fungal diseases of medicinal herbs, commercial seeds, storage plant products, post-harvest diseases etc.





 

                 Plant Biotechnology, includes reproducing to improve plants for different explanation, for example, expanding yield and quality, warmth and dry spell opposition, protection from phytopathogens, herbicide and creepy crawly obstruction, expanding biomass for biofuel creation, and upgrading the healthful nature of the harvests.  Plant rearing and biotechnology can be utilized to improve energy harvests to expand yield, improve resistance to bugs and dry spell, to change the qualities of the plants (for example level of lignin, oil content, cell structure) making it more productive to change over them to fluid biofuels.  There are many jobs available for Plant Biotechnologists in many industries such as,  

v Pharmaceutical and chemical companies.

v Biotechnology and genetic engineering companies.

v Research institutions.

v Agricultural and crop production companies.

v Food and drink manufacturers.

 



 

              Plant Breeding, is art & science to increase crop production which will be resistant to diseases so as to make wanted genotypes and aggregates for explicit purposes.  This control includes either controlled fertilization, hereditary designing, or both, trailed by fake determination of offspring.

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